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chickens – Homesteader Depot

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Tag: chickens

  • 8 Ways Chickens Can Benefit Your Homestead

    8 Ways Chickens Can Benefit Your Homestead

    Do you have chickens on your homestead?

    Whether you’re wondering if you should get some, are already an experienced chicken owner, or are just wondering exactly why you chose to raise chickens in the first place, this is for you. Chickens provide several important benefits to your homestead. While their feed and coops may be a bit costly and their care sometimes intricate, what matters is that these feathered friends serve more than one purpose. They really do “earn their keep” as the saying goes.

    Here’s how:

    1) They Eat Insects

    You never have to worry about insects invading your garden and chewing on your crops when you have chickens around. Leave your chickens loose so that they have a good-sized fenced-in area to wander. Place your garden within that space, and your chickens will go after all of the insects that they can find. Your garden will be great, and you’ll have happy chickens, as they have space to wander and a little bit of freedom.

    2) They Produce Manure

    Did you know that you can compost chicken waste? Their droppings make great manure, but they are too acidic to place in the garden straight from the coop. Instead, mix up some compost, using the right amount of additional elements, and add some chicken poop to the mix. It provides the right ratio of nitrogen to everything else, making your manure and compost much more effective. Your garden will benefit from what chickens leave behind.

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    3) You Can Eat Their Eggs

    Although you should allow some eggs to hatch and turn into other chickens, making your flock self-perpetuating, you can also eat the non-fertilized eggs. They are much fresher than the ones found in the grocery store, and since you know what kind of life those chickens have had, you’ll feel proud of what your birds have produced. There’s nothing quite like an egg from your own flock of chickens.

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    4) Butchering Your Chickens Provides Meat

    Your chickens are also a source of meat. While you might feel bad about butchering your chickens once they’ve stopped laying eggs, you do need to keep your flock in good shape. This means that you shouldn’t have too many older birds and too few younger ones. Allow some fertilized eggs to hatch, and butcher those older hens.

    Related Article:  Why Raise Meat Chickens

    5) They’ll Till Up Your Garden

    Have you ever seen chickens out in the yard? They like to scratch at the ground with their feet. This actually tills up the soil. You won’t need a tiller when you have a batch of chickens who can do the work for you. Just keep them in the area where you’ll be planting your vegetables.

    6) They Are Quite Entertaining

    Anyone who claims that chickens are boring has obviously never been around them. These birds have some interesting personalities. You’ll be able to differentiate one chicken from another just by watching them.

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    7) They Teach Your Kids Responsibility

    Teach your children how to care for chickens and instill some responsibility in them at the same time with some backyard chickens. They can be in charge of gathering eggs, feeding and watering the birds and handling all of their general care.

    8) They’ll Eat Kitchen Scraps

    Although you will have to supplement their diets with chicken feed, they do eat plenty of kitchen scraps as well. Just make sure that what you’re feeding them is chicken friendly and that you have the right nutrient ratios represented. Those chickens will make do with what you give them and help you dispose of things that might have otherwise gone into the trash or the compost bin.

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  • No Waste Chicken Feeder

    No Waste Chicken Feeder

    Chickens can be messy and needy. They throw their food all over the place and then squawk at you until you give them more. This is no reason not to place a chicken coop in your backyard though. They do give you plenty of eggs and some meat. And chickens can make interesting companions, even though they aren’t quite as cuddly as cats and dogs – as long as you keep them happy, that is. The best way to do this is with a no-waste chicken feeder.

    Why Do You Need A No Waste Chicken Feeder?

    We’ve already mentioned the fact that chickens are messy. No matter how hard you try to keep their food contained, they toss it all over the yard. Even if you place a metal pan under their trough, they’ll still find a way to make a mess. It’s just how they are – until you give them a no waste feeder. This feeder is designed to keep the chicken feed in one place, right where it belongs. You won’t be woken up by hungry chickens in the morning, as they’ll always have enough to eat right under their beaks.

    The Supplies That You Need

    Gathering your supplies is the first step to making one of these feeders. You’ll need some PVC piping, both straight sections (which should be the same length) and an elbow piece, as well as two caps. You’ll also need a Mason jar lid and seal. Since the pipes will fit together, you don’t really need to adhere to them, but you could if you wanted to. It’s all up to you. It should hold together just fine by itself. You’ll also need a small saw in order to cut a hole in the bottom pipe so that the chickens can get to their feed. Otherwise, you’ll just have some random pipes stuck together with chicken feed in them.

    Putting the Feeder Together

    Building the feeder is easy. Start by slicing into the piece of pipe that’s going to be on the bottom. This is the trough. You’ll need to make it big enough for the chickens to get into, but not so big that they can make a huge mess all over again. A horizontal piece that’s roughly two inches wide by around 10 inches long will work nicely. However, this is up to you.

    Once you have the feeding hole cut into the pipe, place one of the caps at the end. This will be the piece of the feeder that sits parallel to the ground. Connect the elbow piece of pipe to the other end. Put the Mason jar lid and seal inside of the pipe at the place where the elbow meets the bottom pipe. The lid and seal will keep the feed from flowing down uncontrollably, making a mess.

    Next, attach the other long, straight piece of pipe to the other end of the elbow joint. It will stick straight up vertically. This is the end that you’ll be pouring the feed into. Place the other cap on the end of this piece of pipe in order to prevent water and other things from getting into the feed. You can remove it when you need to add more.

    Feeding the Chickens

    Prop the no waste chicken feeder up against the side of the chicken coop or the fenced-in area. If you want to tie it in place, feel free to do so. Pour some feed into the top pipe and then remove the Mason jar lid so that it flows into the other part of the feeder. Your chickens will always have plenty of food this way.

    See an example from our buddy at Green Power Farm.

    https://youtu.be/IapmzdzGFaw

  • 4 Completely Natural Ways to Rid Your Property of Mice

    4 Completely Natural Ways to Rid Your Property of Mice

     

    Mice can be the bane of the homestead pantry, and feed shed, and garden, and…well, you get the idea.

    One thing that is important to understand is you will never have only one.  You may see only one, but there where there is one there is the potential for dozens more.  With a very short breeding cycle, mice can overrun a food source in a matter of weeks if left to their own devices.

    For many of us, the first reaction to the idea of mice is to go out and buy some chemical bait that will get rid of the problem as quickly as possible.

    However, especially if you are living in the country, on a homestead, or even just in the suburbs and have a cat, you’ll want to avoid this initial instinct.

    Poisoned mice can also poison the natural predators that eat them. That could be any bird of prey included in the local wildlife like hawks and owls.  It could also be a danger to the family cat. Instead, consider one of the options listed below.

     

    Repel them with Aromatherapy

    Mice don’t like the smell of peppermint or mothballs.  Even if you don’t have any signs of mice yet, a good preventative measure after filling any holes or crevices they can get in with is to lay out peppermint leaves or spray peppermint essential oil in all the areas they are likely to try to gain access.  You can also soak cotton balls in the essential oil for a stronger and longer lasting odor.

    Place mothballs in the areas they may try to gain access to as well as scatter them around the outside of any building you want to prevent them from going into.

     

    Free-Range Chickens

    Chickens are very good at pest control, sometimes even better than cats are.  If you are able to let your chickens run free-range outside the areas you want to keep mice out of, they will provide a natural and deadly “barrier” for your home or garden.

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    Good Old-Fashioned Snap Traps

    Not just the fodder of classic animated TV characters, snap traps are an easy and inexpensive method for clearing out your new “neighbors” and protecting your pantry.

    Bait the traps with peanut butter, place them in areas mice will be but will be out of the way of children’s fingers and set them. Check regularly to see if you’ve caught something and dispose of immediately, so you don’t end up with the smell of a decomposing body.

     

    The 5 Gallon Bucket and Water Method

    Take a spare brown paper grocery bag or heavy-duty paper and cut out a circle cover that is 2-3 inches wider in diameter than your five-gallon bucket, then use a utility knife or Exacto knife to cut 2 slits in the center of the paper in the form of an X.  Fill the five-gallon bucket approximately half-way with water.  Lay the paper over the top of the bucket and tape it securely into place by folding down the overlapping paper.

    Spread a few dabs of peanut butter in the center area of the cover and place the bucket in an area the mice can reach it. When they move across the paper cover toward the peanut butter, they will fall through the X in the middle and drown.

     

    Happy Hunting!

    There you have it, from essential oils and free eggs there are ways to keep mice from overrunning your property that won’t run the risk of polluting the environment or leave you with unwanted casualties.

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  • 4 Things Baby Chicks Need for Healthy Living

    4 Things Baby Chicks Need for Healthy Living

     

    Baby chicks.  Fuzzy and cute, warm and cuddly, they are adorable beyond words.  Sometimes called the “gateway drug” to adding animals to a homestead, the chickens these chicks grow into can add any number of benefits to your property, from pest control to fresh eggs to a Sunday Roast.

    If you are contemplating joining the thousands of people across the world to raise their own chickens for meat and eggs, here are some things you will need to be prepared with.

     

    A Brooder

    Brooder is a fancy way of saying container.  When you first receive your chicks, they will be too small to turn loose into the chicken coop.  Just as a baby needs a bassinet then a cradle before they grow into a standard bed, chicks need a smaller space so they won’t get caught in small places around the coop area you don’t even know exist.  It also keeps them better protected during colder weather.

    If you plan to have chicks around every year, you may consider getting one of the fancier brooders available on the market, but just about anything will work.  I remember one year when my parents helped out one of the local farmers in our town by taking in a several dozen chicks after one of their temperature regulated brooders broke.

    Other containers that work well are the smaller galvanized tubs or feeding troughs, and large plastic storage chests.  These are both easy to keep clean and can be used year after year then stored easily when not in use.

    Whether or not you need a cover on your brooder depends on its proximity to predators.  This doesn’t just mean coyotes or birds of prey.  If you have any cats on the property either domestic or feral, they can be a big threat.

    A simple wire mesh stretched over a frame and secured on the top will solve your problem without blocking ventilation.

     

    A Way to Stay Warm

    Initially, chicks must be kept in an environment that is 95-100o F.  This range goes down as they grow and produce more body heat themselves.

    The easiest way to provide a heat source for your chicks is with a heat lamp.  If you decide to go this route, though, be very careful.  Heat lamps can become a fire hazard very quickly.

    A safer but more expensive option is a heating plate.  If you are starting with a small number, this may be a good choice.  If you have a larger number of chicks you need to keep warm, the costs may become more expensive, but you will have less stress knowing you’ve gone with a safer method.

    A Water Source

    This may seem like a no-brainer since just about every living thing on our planet relies on water for survival, but we’re going to discuss it anyway.

    For your chicks’ safety and your peace of mind, it’s a good idea to invest in a specialized waterer instead of an open container of water in the habitat.  Open containers provide an easy way for your new babies to drown themselves.

    Most feed stores have waterers available to fit your needs.  To help your chicks become familiar with their surroundings more quickly, consider dipping their beaks into the waterer as you place them into the brooder, so they know where the water source is.

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    A Food Source

    New chicks have very specialized nutritional needs at the beginning of their life.  There are some homemade starter chick feeds going around the internet, but the easier way to make sure your kids are getting exactly what they need, pick up some chick starter feed at your local supply store.

    Once they’ve gotten bigger, you’ll switch them to egg layer feed or meat bird feed, so there is no need to put a lot of extra effort in at the beginning.

    A feeder will help a little in keeping the food in one place, but keep in mind, chicks are messy, and there will be spills to contend with.

     

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  • Simple 15 Step Chicken Hoop House

    Simple 15 Step Chicken Hoop House

     

    If you are gearing up to add chickens to your homestead, or your current chicken coop isn’t cutting it, here’s a design that works well and doesn’t take a lot to put together.

    The goal of this design is to have a good amount of space for the chickens to graze, in an area that was safe from predators and that can be moved around as needed.

    For this project you will need:

    • 2x4s
    • Cattle Panels (enough to cover the roof)
    • Hardware Cloth (enough to cover the cattle panels and the side walls
    • Expanded Metal (enough to cover the base as flooring)
    • Zips Ties
    • Bailing Wire
    • Decking Screws
    • Wood Screws
    • Industrial Castors (7-9 depending on where you place them)

    Instructions:

    1. Start by building an 8’ x 8’ square base using 2x4s. Then add corner braces for added strength.
    2. Add a center joist down the middle of your square and then two more on either side for extra support of the base. Attach the industrial castors underneath so you can easily move your coop to avoid mold developing underneath.
    3. Install the flooring on top of the base. If you want to avoid having to crawl inside and shovel chicken poop out on a regular basis, its best to use expanded metal for flooring instead of a solid alternative like plywood.  This also provides better drainage and airflow.
    4. You will need to construct the wooden rafters.  These will help give added strength to the top in case of heavy snow, or if local animals decide to climb on top.  To make these, you’ll essentially be creating a bottomless triangle.  Each side will be attached to the outsides of the base.  Then attach the two pieces over the middle of the base.  If you want a higher roof, you’ll need longer pieces.  Connect the apex of the rafters with a cross piece, creating a solid top to attach the top part of the roof too.
    5. Begin to attach the cattle panels to the frame starting at the top. Center the first panel on the ridge of the roof support and zip tie into place.  Adjust the panel as you go to make sure it’s centered over the area of the coop.

    1. Use baling wire to secure the centerline to the ridge of the roof then remove the zip ties. Overlap the next cattle panel with the left flank of the top panel and zip tie.  Do the same thing on the right side.
    2. Continue to add panels until you reach the base structure of the coop on either side. The zip ties will keep the panels in place while you add the hardware cloth.
    3. Drape the hardware cloth over the roof and zip ties together until you cover the entire roof with the cloth.
    4. At this point, if you’ve used durable zip ties, you could just trim them and move on. If you have the time and the inclination, you can connect all the areas held together by zip ties by “weaving” them together with baling wire.
    5. Once you’re done, you can clip off the ties or leave them for added durability. By weaving in the baling wire, you can also make the holes of the walls and roof smaller, making it more difficult for smaller animals like snakes and lizards, to sneak in and steal eggs or hatchlings.
    6. Now for the front and back walls. Use the hardware cloth and zip ties to “hang” each panel of the front and back wall, adjusting and trimming to the varying heights as you go.
    7. “Sew” the seams of the roof and walls together with more baling wire, then secure the bottom of each wall to the wooden base.
    8. Cut an area out of the front wall to install a gate, then install your gate.
    9. You can install roosts within the coop by placing long tree branches or 2x4s across each side and securing them to the lower parts of the rafters.
    10. Finally, cover the roof with a plastic tarp and secure it, and there you have it, a nice place to for your chickens to be safe and secure at night, away from predators and protected from the weather.

    I wanted to show you another option for your chicken pen so I included this video from Chris.  He has made a great hoop pen out of PVC that might be a better option for you, check it out:

  • What Does “Free Range” Really Mean?

    What Does “Free Range” Really Mean?

     

    With an increase in animal rights and animal cruelty awareness, the words “free range” has become a more common sight on packaging at the grocery store.  It labels animal products from animals that are farmed in a way that gives them access to outdoor spaces and free access to grazing for food.

    However, since there are no government regulations for the term “free range, ” the images you may have in your mind of wide open chicken yards and pastures dotted with happy cows communing with nature may not be exactly what is happening.

    So, what does the term “free range” actually mean for most animals?

    Free Range as defined by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has only been applied to meat chickens.  It does not actually include egg sources or other livestock like cows, turkeys or pigs.

    For chickens, “free range” is defined as having access to the outdoors each day.  It does not stipulate a specific amount of time, however.  This lack of a more designated regulation means that chickens who spend all their lives in cramped pens with only a small hatch to the outdoors open for a few minutes daily are in the same category as chickens who roam free, only going inside at night to roost.

    Essentially, the current USDA regulations mean that the chicken only needs to have a glimpse of the outdoors every day to qualify as free range. And, since the USDA regulations don’t apply to other animals or egg sources, any company can add “free range” to their packaging without risk of breaking regulations.

     

    Look for the HFAC Certification

    Fortunately, there is a way to ensure you are buying a truly “free range” product without having to visit each provider yourself.  The Humane Farm Animal Care organization (HFAC) certifies farm with their own set of regulations to qualify as free range.

    If a farm has received the HFAC cert, it signifies that chickens have at least two square feet per bird inside their pens and must be allowed to spend a minimum of six hours a day outdoors as weather permits.

    The HFAC has even taken these principles a step further by including a “Pasture-raised” certification.  To qualify for pasture-raised status, the farms are required to provide over 100 square feet PER bird.  Additionally, the birds are allowed to live outdoors year-round in rotating field areas.  A shelter is provided specifically to protect them from bad weather and predators, not as a way to “store” them.

     

    Certified Organic Qualifications

    Another way to ensure you are buying actual free-range products is to stick to “certified organic” products.  These products are regulated by a much stricter set of regulations that includes a reasonable definition of free-range treatment.

    Look at it this way.  A farm claiming to have free-range eggs won’t suffer any penalties or fines if it isn’t true.  However, if a farm claims to have Certified Organic eggs and are caught not adhering to those standards, they will be hit with severe penalties and fines.

     

    Always Check the Packaging

    So, now you know that even if a product is labeled “free-range” it doesn’t always mean what it should.  Instead, check for the HFAC cert info or for the Certified Organic info if you want to make sure that what you are buying actually fits into the category of free range as it should.

    Taking a little time to double check will help ensure you are getting the healthiest possible product for you and your family.

     

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  • Homemade Suet Cakes for Chickens

    Homemade Suet Cakes for Chickens

    Suet cakes are a great treat for your chickens, especially as the summer heat creeps in and they have a hard time sticking to their normal activities.

    Chickens love to peck and scratch, it’s truly what they live for. If you have chickens in a coop who can’t freely forage this way, they might end up getting bored and unhappy. And bored and unhappy chickens means less eggs and less delicious meat! It is vital not just for the animal’s quality of life but also for the “services” they provide you to keep them occupied and entertained.

    Homemade suet cakes are a great way to do this! The tightly packed little cakes full of delicious treats (well, treats to a chicken) will keep them happily busy pecking away to get them.

    This recipe is a very easy and healthy way to provide your chickens with this diversion. It contains coconut oil, which is a great source of fat for your chickens, as well as naturally antifungal and antibacterial, which is super crucial for keeping their digestive systems, feathers, and feet clean and healthy.

    A note: this is just a treat for your chickens, and shouldn’t be used as a replacement for their regular feed or time spent outdoors if you’re able to let them roam at all. It’s just a fun way to supplement their regular diet and daily activities.

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    Ingredients and supplies 

    • coconut oil
    • mix of grains (pre-mixed chicken feed, or any combination of grain or seed your chickens enjoy)
    • Muffin tin
    • Room in your freezer for the muffin tin

    Directions 

    1. In a saucepan over low heat, melt your oil. How much you need will depend on the volume of the grain you use, but you can start with about 2-3 cups.
    2. Once the oil is liquid, stir in your grains.
    3. You will want to completely coat the grains with oil, so that there’s hardly any oil pooling around them. However, you don’t want there to be any dryness in the mixture. Try to think of the oil hardening; you’ll want a ratio that will allow for the oil to hold all the grains in place and form a cake.
    4. Spoon your mixture into the muffin tins. Flatten with a rubber spatula at the top.
    5. Freeze for about an hour, then remove.
    6. Tip your muffin pan upside down to remove the cakes. At this point, you can give one to your chickens and put the rest in a ziplock bag to keep in the freezer.

    In the summer heat, your bored chickens will love this healthy, fun, and not to mention cold, treat!

  • 13 Useful Ways to Reuse Eggshells

    13 Useful Ways to Reuse Eggshells

    If you raise chickens or simply eat a lot of eggs, you probably produce a lot of egg shells! And simply throwing them in the trash is a huge waste. Egg shells are loaded with beneficial nutrients and properties, and there are lots of ways to reuse them and make the most out of your chickens or grocery budget!

    First off, you need to make sure you store them properly. You might be able to get away with tossing them all in a 5-gallon bucket on your back porch, or, if that attracts pests or mold, you might want to take more precaution. Depending on how you reuse them, you also might want to sanitize them before storing.

    The easiest way to sanitize the egg shells is to rinse them off, the spread them out on a cookie sheet and bake at 350 degrees for about 15 minutes. This will kill any harmful bacteria that might otherwise fester in your eggshell stash.

    Then, simply store in any container of choice, and use as needed!

    Here are some of the many ways you can reuse eggshells around the house:

    Compost

    The easiest way to put your egg shells to good use is to add them to your compost pile! They’re a great addition to any compost operation, and one of the most highly recommended organic materials to start a pile. You can save up a lot to get your pile started, and just toss freshly used shells on your pile as time goes on. If you’ve got a compost pile, you’ve always got something to do with leftover egg shells!

    Garden Fertilizer

    Eggshells are a fantastic garden fertilizer, as they contain up to 97% calcium carbonite, as well as phosphoric acid, nitrogen, and calcium. You can grind them up in a food processor and sprinkle around your plants, or work into the soil of a new garden bed.

    Pest Control

    Eggshells also work as an excellent pest control! Use ground eggshells and sprinkle in a circle around any plants that have been attracting slugs or snails. The sharp fragments of eggshells will be very uninviting to these little pests, and have the added bonus of fertilizing your plants too!

    You can also deter cats (of all things) from using your garden as their own personal litter box by spreading roughly broken up egg shells around the edges. They won’t want to step on those with their delicate paws, trust me!

    Dietary Supplement

    You’ll want to make sure to use properly sanitized egg shells for this, and grind them up very finely. You can use a powerful food processor or a coffee grinder, and then add to gel caps or simply mix into food. This is an excellent source of calcium and other nutrients, and about as whole as it gets.

    Chicken Dietary Supplement

    Your chickens can benefit from those healthy nutrients too! Simply add to their feed for an added calcium boost. Their eggs will be very healthy, because they’ll be supplemented by, well, the exact nutrients they need for healthy shells!

    Seed Starts

    A very fun and clever way to use egg shells is to start seeds in them! Simply fill the shells with potting soil and plant seeds. Once they’re sprouted, all you’ll need to do is to gently crush the egg shell and plant directly in the ground! It will slowly break down as the plant grows, and fertilize the soil as it goes!

    Bird Seed

    Chickens aren’t the only birds who will enjoy your egg shells! If you crush them up and sprinkle them on the ground, you just might attract a few wild birds who will enjoy the nutritious treat.

    Household abrasive

    You can actually use finely ground eggshells as a handy, and totally natural, household abrasive. Add 1 cup finely ground egg shells to baking soda and use as you would Bon Ami for stubborn stains or grime. It’s excellent for cooked on grease and grime.

    Smoother Coffee

    You can actually add egg shells directly to your coffee to help reduce the acidity. Since egg shells are basic, they counteract the otherwise highly acidic coffee. Add a few egg shells in the machine with the ground coffee, or simply toss into your freshly brewed cup (although the former is probably preferable, I’m sure gritty coffee isn’t too appetizing to many people!)

    Natural Remedy

    Ground up eggshells can actually make a wonderful natural remedy for skin irritants. Let soak in some apple cider vinegar for a few days, and apply to minor rashes, hives, or bug bites.

    Face Mask

    You can even use eggshells in an all-natural, skin-firming face mask! Wisk up finely ground eggshells with 1 egg white, and spread on your face. Let dry, and rinse, following with toner and moisturizer.

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    Laundry Whitener

    This might be in the realm of old wives’ tale, but some say that if you toss some egg shells in with your whites, they’ll come out brighter!

    Candle Craft

    You can make adorable votive candles by pouring wax into an eggshell. Get creative with egg dying or colored wax! Very fun and frugal gift.

    Eggs are a fantastic food, and their shells are almost as versatile! Have you tried any of these eggshell hacks before? Let us know in the comments below.

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