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Ethan Archer – Page 5 – Homesteader Depot

Author: Ethan Archer

  • All About Parsnips

    All About Parsnips

    Parsnips are not a very well-known garden vegetable, but they’re wonderful to grow, taste delicious, and keep extraordinarily well in the garden over winter, or in your root cellar.

    From the carrot family, parsnips, or Pastinaca sativa, resemble a pale carrot. They can be difficult to grow, but they’re worth the effort for their ability to keep through winter. They are the easiest garden vegetable to keep in the soil through the winter, to be dug up as needed, which makes them a wonderful choice for homesteaders.

    Today, we’re going to discuss all things parsnip; how to plant, grow, harvest, and keep. Let’s get started!

    Soil

    Since parsnips need lots of room to root, they need very deep, well-cultivated soil. Naturally sandy soil is great, but if your soil tends to be more clay-like, you’ll have to prep your bed appropriately. Make sure to use lots of manure, cinder, and compost, and work as deep as 1 1/2′. The looser you can get your soil, the better!

    Planting

    You will want to make sure you have new parsnip seeds when you are planting them. Their seeds to not keep particularly well; so if they fail to sprout, old seed might be the culprit. However, it does take awhile to germinate, sometimes as long as 28 days, so be patient.

    Plant very shallow, and only cover with a very thin, gentle layer. They can have difficulty growing through all but the lightest of soil. Plant in very well-watered soil. Ideally, you’d want to plant them 1/2″ apart, but this can be difficult to do with their small, light seeds, so do the best you can. You will want them to be in rows around 18-30″ apart.

    Parsnips do not handle extreme heat very well, so plant either right after the last frost date in very early spring, or in the fall. Since they keep well through winter, they make a great fall crop.

    Weeding and Thinning 

    Due to the lengthy germination time, you’ll have to make sure to keep any weeds out of your parsnip beds so they don’t overtake the small seedlings. A great solution to this is to mix radish in with your parsnips. Raddish germinates very quickly, and will show you where the parsnips will be so you can easily weed around them and keep them protected.

    After the parsnips have come up, you can thin out about 3-6″ apart. Or, if you like, you can let them keep going and eat the thinnings! Parsnip greens are lovely and delicious.

    Make sure to keep weeding all throughout the season.

    Harvest 

    One of the things that make parsnip a wonderful winter crop is that cold weather enhances the natural sugars, making it sweeter as time goes on. So, it only makes parsnips better to leave them in the ground for at least three weeks of frosty weather. They are, surprisingly, most delicious if left in the garden all winter long! You can of course simply harvest throughout the winter as needed, which is probably the most practical and useful.

    To harvests, parsnips really need to be dug out of the garden, as opposed to carrots which can normally be pulled up. If you pull up parsnips as you would carrots, they will most likely break. So, using a small spade, dig around the base of the parsnip, loosen the ground with your hand, and dig in until you feel the whole parsnip. Then, gently loosen and pull out, to avoid breakage.

    Digging will, of course, be more difficult in winter, so plan your harvest according to how harsh your winter is.

    Preservation 

    Parsnips don’t just preserve well in the garden! If you have a particularly harsh winter and won’t be planning on regularly digging up your parsnips through the colder months, there are still reliable options for preserving them through the winter.

    The root pit method works particularly well for parsnips, and has been used for centuries. Simply lay them on the ground in a root cellar, cover with soil, then straw or leaves, and then with a tarp or plastic sheet. Or, if you do not have a root cellar, you can store parsnips between layers of damp sand in a tub or barrel in your tool shed or some other cold outbuilding.

    They can, of course, simply be preserved by freezing, drying or canning as well:

    To freeze, trim off the greens, then cut into 1/2″ cubes or in 3/4″ slices. Blanch for 2-3 minutes, then cool in ice-water baths. Package into Ziplock bags and freeze.

    To dry, make sure you do not have parsnips so old that their core has become woody. Slice or shred with a mandoline, and place in a dehydrator at the appropriate setting for vegetables. Dry thoroughly, and store. These can be easily reconstituted by soaking overnight or adding to soups or stews. Or, it can be ground into powder to add to instant vegetable soup mix.

     

    Parsnips are a wonderful, nutritious, and delicious garden vegetable. They can keep you stocked with a delicious, starchy vegetable, no matter how you choose to harvest or preserve them.

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  • How to Make a Silkworm Habitat (Video)

    How to Make a Silkworm Habitat (Video)

    One of the more obscure “animals” you can raise on your homestead, especially if you’d like to think about making a profit in the long-term, is silkworms. These little critters are where pure silk comes from, and, like bees, it’s common for them to be raised in indoor or artificial habitats so that their silk can be harvested.

    Silkworms love mulberry trees, and this video shows you how to make an artificial mulberry habitat to raise silkworms in. It was actually made by a 2nd grade teacher, so she could show her students how silkworms lived in their “natural” habitat, but I think it would translate very nicely to a starter silkworm operation for anyone who wanted to give it a try. This would be a really fun project if you’ve got kids, especially homeschooled children, so they could observe the lifecycle of the silkworms up close and personal.

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  • Common Canning Mistakes to Avoid

    Common Canning Mistakes to Avoid

    Home canning is one of the best ways to preserve food, and every homesteader should try their hand at it! You’ll love being able to make huge batches of all kinds of canned food, and save for gifts or for food through the winter. However, since it is food preservation, it is very important that you do it properly.

    These canning mistakes have the potential to actually make your canned food highly dangerous, so make sure you are following canning safety protocol before you dive in and start experimenting.

    Here are some of the worst canning mistakes you can make, that you should definitely make sure to avoid:

    1. Using an untested recipe

    Don’t improvise! Plenty of the work you’ll do in the kitchen has room for substitutions, creativity, and improvisation, but not canning. Use a recipe you know has been tested and successful. There are many wonderful, reputable sources out there for tested, proven safe recipes, so follow one of these rather than making up your own.

    2. Using non-canning jars

    When you care canning, always use jars that are made specifically for canning (they’re not hard to find!) Back in the day, it was normal for people to re-use jars for canning, but these days, cans aren’t manufactured the same, and they’re not up to the task of safely containing canned food. Use proper canning jars, and you can reuse these as long as they stay in good contition. Of course, you can’t reuse all lids, which leads us to…

    3. Reusing lids that are not meant for reuse 

    Most of the time, lids are only meant for reuse, so be very certain lids are meant for multiple uses before recycling. There are only a few brands that you can do this with. So, to be safe, you’ll probably want to use your old lids for non-canning food storage and simply buy a new set of lids when needed.

    4. Using jars that have been damaged

    Always make sure your jars have no chips or cracks in them before canning. Inspect the rim carefully, as well as the body of the jar, to make sure there are no small imperfections. Cracks or chipped rims can cause the jar to either break during canning, or not seal properly, spoiling the food.

    5. Leaving improper headspace

    Headspace is incredibly important to follow, this is why your tested recipes are crucial! Leave the proper amount of headspace in the jar, it’s there for a reason. Too little and your jars could burst, too much, and oxygen will get into the jar, causing spoilage.

     

    These mistakes are easy to avoid, and will ensure the safe preservation of food. Canning is a great skill to have, so make sure to keep these points in mind so your next canning session is successful!

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  • Decoding Diets: Which Lifestyle is Right for You? (Infographic)

    Decoding Diets: Which Lifestyle is Right for You? (Infographic)

    My last post regarded healthy fats, and a few months ago, I posted an extensive list of some of the major health diets and the differences and similarities between each.

    I found this infographic recently and I thought it was a cool visual representation of common health diets and what they suggest emphasizing and avoiding. It also has handy macro references for how much protein, carbohydrates, and fat are normally consumed by the adherents of each diet.

    If you ever feel overwhelmed and confused by different diets out there, this might help you visualize what each one offers. Remember, while you might have certain health issues that would make certain diets better or worse for you, for the most part if you are in good health and simply want to eat a cleaner, more healthful diet, then you should definitely do what works for you. You’ll have more success if you’re eating the (healthy) food you love, and not restricting yourself to things you know might trip you up. The best diet is one you can stick with, so be realistic!

    Hope this infographic, found on DailyInfographic.com (source unknown), can be helpful for you.

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  • What’s The Deal With Healthy Fats?

    What’s The Deal With Healthy Fats?

    You’ve probably heard a lot of buzz over the last few years concerning “healthy fats”. However, mainstream diet wisdom has for years been that reducing fat intake is the best way to lose weight and stay healthy.

    So what is it, is fat good or not?

    I think part of the confusion comes from a misunderstanding and misuse of the word “fat”. Fat simply sounds like it will make you fat, so many people assume that “low-fat” would, naturally, make you less fat.

    The problem isn’t in the macronutrient fat, the problem is in the type of fat, the recommendations for how much fat one should eat, and the way many low-fat foods are produced.

    Types of Fat

    First, let’s talk about the different types of fat. Saturated fats, the kind found in butter, whole milk, cream, and other full-fat dairy, was for years demonized as unhealthy and fattening. But recent research has revealed that saturated fats are actually quite healthy for you. Polyunsaturated fats, hydrogenated fats, and trans fats are the types of fat that are very unhealthy, and these should be avoided completely. Vegetable oil, margarine, non-dairy creamer, and fried foods are examples of food loaded with bad fat.

    Whole Food is Always Best

    When it comes to any kind of food, really, the closer to the whole, original source, the better. So the same stands for fats. Whole milk, butter, plain yogurt, oils like olive, coconut, flax, and avocado, tallow, etc., are all forms of minimally-processed, whole sources of good healthy fat.

    Moderation is Key

    Healthy fats should still be consumed in moderation. Here is the aspect of healthy fats you won’t often hear from the whole foods community: fat is still fattening. Fat is an important aspect of any diet, and there are diets that focus on consuming lots of healthy fats to lose weight. But these diets all reduce carbohydrate intake and limit calories. The key to understanding healthy fats is that these sources of fat are the best sources of fat to consume. Unhealthy fats should be avoided completely, rather than simply limited, because they increase cholesterol, as well as risk of diabetes, heart disease and cancer.

    But healthy fats can still cause weight gain if consumed at too high a volume. Fat is, and always will be, highly caloric, so it’s not actually hard to meet your daily requirement for fat with a few servings of one of your favorite clean sources. Or, if you are eating a high-fat diet, you should be counting your calories and reducing carbohydrates. There are so many diets out there, and everyone has different health issues they might seek to confront with a diet change, so consult a nutritionist or naturopath to determine which diet is right for you.

    There is, however, one consistency with all successful diets: they all limit intake of food. Moderation as well as whole, healthy ingredients, with lots of vegetables, is almost always the key to a healthy diet, no matter what your macronutrient percentages are or what foods you choose to avoid.

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    The Trouble With Low-Fat and Fat-Free

    Low-fat diets were the normal recommendation for weight loss and improved health for several decades, but this is going out of fashion as scientists affirm that fat (healthy fat) is an important part of any diet, including a weight loss diet.

    The thing is, not only is a low-fat diet lacking in necessary fatty acids that the body needs to burn fat as well as perform it’s normal functions, low-fat food products are really, really unhealthy. They are normally highly processed and replace fat with sugar. Sugar is highly caloric, and, unlike healthy fats, those calories are almost entirely empty.

    For foods that aren’t packed with extra sugar, they are so processed they’re rendered entirely nutritionally deficient. For instance, you’ve probably heard for years that skim milk is bad for you, but it is really the process of removing the fat content from the milk that makes it bad for you. The natural fat content of milk is highly nutritious, yet without it, milk is mostly just lactose, or sugar. Doctors have also found a correlation between the consumption of skim milk and weight gain, mostly due to the fact that, without the healthy fats to fill you up, you’ll end up consuming more, and since it’s mostly just sugar at this point, you consume more empty calories as well.

    Full-fat dairy has been consistently linked to, paradoxically, less obesity, heart disease, diabetes, high cholesterol, and stroke in countries such as France and Italy where cream, butter, and full-fat milk are a regular part of the diet. However, in the US, as fat consumption has plummeted over the last century, the obestiy epidemic rages on. It’s no wonder, when we’re replacing essential fat with sugar!

    Diet sodas are entirely different. Free of sugar, they are replaced instead with horribly toxic chemical artificial sweeteners. Studies have shown that these sweeteners are actually highly addictive, so many people actually end up drinking far more diet soda than they ever would have regular (which is unhealthy enough on it’s own!). This can of course, ironically, cause more weight gain as well as a multitude of other health issues.

    Healthy Non-Fats? 

    All this being said, it’s important to keep in mind that there are foods that are naturally low or non-fat that are perfectly healthy to consume: lean meats, fish, and legumes. These are a great part of any diet, and it’s important to get enough protein, which is perhaps now the most neglected macronutrient of our time. But athletes know, protein is essential!

    The Bottom Line

    It is clear that “factory fats” and over-produced low/non-fat foods are the problem, not fat or carbohydrates alone.

    You will often hear people say “eat lots of healthy fats!” which can be slightly irresponsible. I think these people mean well, but it would be more helpful to say “eat only healthy fats!”, because eating too much fat is easy to do. We should be banishing unhealthy fats completely from our diet!

    It’s up to you to find the diet that’s right for you, but don’t ever rule out the importance of choosing the best sources for fat in whatever diet that might be!

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  • Top 7 Mistakes to Avoid When Harvesting Rainwater (Video)

    Top 7 Mistakes to Avoid When Harvesting Rainwater (Video)

    Harvesting rainwater is one of the best things you can do on your homestead, particularly if you are trying to be prepared for emergencies or establish self-reliance. Not to mention, it’s simply a very convenient way to water your garden and animals without impacting your water bill!

    However, as many people who have set up their own water harvesting systems will tell you, there’s a lot  that can go wrong. Rain is unpredictable and water is heavy, and if you don’t have a secure, reliable set-up, there are many ways your system can fail.

    Fortunately, you can learn from those brave water collectors who have gone before you! I think this video is a fantastic idea, because I know from experience how much trial and error water collection can involve, so this guy can help you avoid a ton of mistakes and failures. This is a must-see if you’re considering collecting and storing rainwater! Enjoy:

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  • The Reality of Homesteading: What No One Tells You

    The Reality of Homesteading: What No One Tells You

    Homesteading is a noble pursuit, and we obviously strongly encourage everyone to try their hand at it! Growing your own food, raising livestock, and living off-grid are a wonderful way to enrich your life, get healthier, and truly embrace self-reliant living.

    But it’s not all puppies and sunshine! There are some harsh realities of homesteading that a lot of people won’t tell you. Here’s what you need to know if you want to face the music.

    You Will Make a Lot of Mistakes

    Homesteading is all about trial and error, and it is through these errors that you learn. It is just the reality of growing plants that are subject to the elements and raising living animals that you simply won’t always do things right. You will make poor (although most likely simply uninformed) decisions about what to plant, where to plant, how to secure your fence, how to repel pests, etc. And you won’t realize until the damage has already been done. Don’t worry though, this happens to everyone! We’re human and we make mistakes, and the good news is, you’ll learn so much the hard way, so you won’t repeat the same mistakes twice.

    You Won’t Always Save Money

    A lot of the appeal of homesteading is that you can save money by growing and processing your own produce, meat, and dairy. But in reality, this isn’t always the case. Depending on how your season goes, you might actually pour a lot more money into your homestead than you can reasonably expect to get out of it, especially in the first few years. Homes, land, farming, and animal husbandry all involve a lot of maintenance, and this means costs. That being said, you still can establish a homestead that will save you money in the long run, a lot of it. Just stick with it and be smart about your spending.

    The Commitment is Year-Round

    Your life now probably allows for travel and time off. But when you’re homesteading, no matter what your day job is, it is a 365-day-a-year job. There are many jobs on a homestead that simply don’t allow for sleeping in or taking a day off, and this includes during sickness. You will need to rely on a strong, involved community of family and friends if you want to travel or have support if you are sick or injured. Raising crops and animals is fully involved work, and just as you need to eat and be sheltered every day, so do they, so consider the extent of this commitment before you start homesteading. It’s a big one.

    You Might Get Grossed Out….Often

    There’s a lot of “yuck” factor involved in homesteading. Dealing with animal droppings, compost, sick and dead animals, butchering, etc., are not for the faint of heart. And a lot of the time, grossness is unanticipated. You’ll have to prepare yourself for strengthening your stomach. You definitely can get used to it though; just think how many jobs there are out there that involve a high level of nastiness. Those jobs simply require getting used to and then people can handle it. You can do the same, especially if you’re really committed to homesteading.

    Death is a Reality

    Speaking of grossness, another factor you must face about homesteading is that animals get sick and die, or are killed by predators. Also, if you are planning on raising them for meat, you’ll have to kill them and slaughter them yourself. It doesn’t just turn into meat when you want it to, you have to handle that yourself! Death is a very natural part of life, especially when you are a steward of living things, as a homesteader is. Again, you will get used to this, and come to accept the inevitability of death. Wow, we’re getting philosophical here…

    It Can Be Isolating

    Depending on where you live and what kind of community you’re a part of, this might not happen. But if you live out in the country, far away from others, and travel to town rarely, you definitely might feel lonely and isolated at times. It’s important to maintain a connection to other people, to friends and family, to other parents if you’re raising children, but it can be hard. You can grow accustomed to the solitary life, though (and maybe that’s what you’re after!) and you should prepare yourself to be content with this, because homesteading takes a lot of work and commitment and you simply might not have the capacity for regular socializing.

    You Will Fall In Love With It

    There’s a reason these are the things no one tells you. It’s because truly, homesteading is wonderful, and for many people, there’s no turning back. You will most likely learn to cope quickly with these challenges and setbacks and embrace the rewarding, wonderful process of growing your homestead and living the dream.

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  • Top Chicken Breed Comparison (Infographic)

    Top Chicken Breed Comparison (Infographic)

    When it comes to choosing breeds to begin a flock of chickens, you have probably found it is quite overwhelming choosing the right one for your needs. Every breed has it’s pros and cons. Those that are popular are popular for good reason, but, like heirloom vegetables, lesser-known chicken breeds have their perks and benefits.

    Chicken breeds are much more varied than you might think, and this great infographic from ManateeChickens.com breaks down several popular breeds and various factors that might influence your decision of which ones to raise. Factors like egg production, size, weather tolerance, ability to forage, and age to maturity are all factors that you should take into account for your needs. Consider the space you have for them to forage, roost, and brood, whether they will be pets or purely used for eggs or meat, etc.

    Chickens are wonderful homestead animals to raise, so odds are you will enjoy whatever breed you choose!

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